In [ ]:
# 安装astroquery
# !pip install --pre astroquery
In [4]:
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm, colors, pyplot as plt

import astropy.units as u

from astroquery import gaia
from astroquery.gaia import Gaia as g
In [118]:
%%time

# 使用SQL(ADQL)查询:按视差降序排序,前100条数据
tab = g.launch_job_async('''
    select top 100
        *
    from gaiadr3.gaia_source_lite
    where parallax > 0
    order by parallax desc
''').get_results()

print(len(tab))
INFO: Query finished. [astroquery.utils.tap.core]
100
CPU times: user 64.9 ms, sys: 4.94 ms, total: 69.8 ms
Wall time: 3.8 s
In [116]:
# 把周年视差转换成距离:
# 1.距离(distance)= 1/周年视差(parallax)
tab['distance'] = 1 / tab['parallax']
tab['distance'].unit = 'kpc'
# 2.距离单位转换:千秒差距 -> 光年
tab['distance'] = tab['distance'].to(u.lightyear)

# 距离分布
plt.hist(tab['distance'], bins=(100))
plt.show()

# 打印表格
print('距离我们最近的100颗恒星')
display(tab)
距离我们最近的100颗恒星
Table length=100
source_idrandom_indexradecparallaxparallax_errorparallax_over_errorpmrapmra_errorpmdecpmdec_errorastrometric_params_solvedpseudocolourpseudocolour_erroripd_frac_multi_peakipd_frac_odd_winruwephot_g_mean_flux_over_errorphot_g_mean_magphot_bp_mean_flux_over_errorphot_bp_mean_magphot_rp_mean_flux_over_errorphot_rp_mean_magphot_bp_rp_excess_factorbp_rpradial_velocityradial_velocity_errorrv_nb_transitsrv_expected_sig_to_noiserv_renormalised_gofrv_chisq_pvaluephot_variable_flaglbin_qso_candidatesin_galaxy_candidatesnon_single_starhas_xp_continuoushas_xp_sampledhas_rvshas_epoch_photometryhas_epoch_rvhas_mcmc_gspphothas_mcmc_mscin_andromeda_surveyteff_gspphotlogg_gspphotmh_gspphotdistance_gspphotag_gspphotebpminrp_gspphotdistance
degdegmasmasmas / yrmas / yrmas / yrmas / yr1 / um1 / ummagmagmagmagkm / skm / sdegdegKlog(cm.s**-2)dexpcmagmaglyr
int64int64float64float64float64float32float32float64float32float64float32int16float32float32int16int16float32float32float32float32float32float32float32float32float32float32float32int16float32float32float32objectfloat64float64boolboolint16boolboolboolboolboolboolboolboolfloat32float32float32float32float32float32float64
58534987131905256961320081859217.39232147200883-62.67607511676666768.06653918735730.04987290515400.477-3781.7410082651630.031386077769.46501464786230.050524533951.14083310.0074563891100.971453251527.89288.984749420.4157411.373116618.53377.56853531.63167933.8045802-21.9427260.216126527222.26839-3.39288430.8895482NOT_AVAILABLE313.92549558326704-1.9177544232946377FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseTrueFalseFalse2829.35425.1373-0.18061.30110.00.04.246459923404928
44728321309425758721329945144269.448502525438364.739420051112412546.9759397309480.04011635513634.737-801.55097836847090.03182086710362.3942065465730.03607045531----001.08485051553.98518.1939745951.90719.7917881518.33446.95809131.48038072.8336968-110.468220.1312552212381.34583-4.1711290.5895669NOT_AVAILABLE31.04941795793971714.08660366802383FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseTrueFalseFalse3099.63354.764-0.90721.82750.00.05.962901729775837
3864972938605115520766292388164.103190307559747.002726940984864415.179415678021370.068370866072.462-3866.33827514367930.08130645-2699.2149876791660.06910815951.08860710.015429774300.8353354722.821111.038391232.0474713.770287504.922559.585451.66325244.1848364------------NOT_AVAILABLE244.0511505749663356.09885280026159FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------7.8557935533509955
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294705046653187302452974825101.28662552099249-16.720932526023173374.489588528761030.23133471618.8214-461.5705055301330.2779457-914.51962090166660.3315037231----1802.4190555621.37228.52413323.2081668.12036227.792968.3987891.5243522-0.27842712------------NOT_AVAILABLE227.2344521579568-8.892834154293482FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------8.7093576886369
514069357115894604857509065824.771674208211856-17.947682860008488373.84431226839920.50087124746.388063178.69425757489530.42692018584.06133503851560.30229247951.72808990.0749973210010.453167538.339910.817838108.1675713.25220770.542929.4236531.59718723.828554210.2495333.2381904459.103638----NOT_AVAILABLE175.5190466595442-75.6864408461554FalseFalse0FalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------8.724390528712428
514069357115873984063351891324.771554293454546-17.948299887129313367.711896181476960.74180114495.701423385.3158104650710.67216444544.38638456195210.378753931----9012.3674611439.12810.507542194.8292112.82064486.967979.0676881.67159583.752956421.4582230.7900771783.45942----NOT_AVAILABLE175.52059241295885-75.6869385406657FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------8.869889201402808
4075141768785646848249919922282.4587890175222-23.83709744872712336.02660166837080.03166612210611.549639.3678503358730.03683873-193.957925071160960.03182958831----000.988011841233.34629.126414341.9674710.732183798.30957.8981471.46998052.8340364-11.116440.565506911241.3441-2.54388950.0017242172NOT_AVAILABLE11.307625151239241-10.287475752633519FalseFalse0FalseFalseTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse3117.3764.776-0.842.97621e-041e-049.70626659012644
19264611649136601601195011327355.480015258155944.170375700747755316.481186782269160.0444487857120.1313112.527464933500430.036434025-1591.64976181455060.02679378531----801.02732841519.518110.379277527.599812.5464281637.91249.0170141.57464363.5294142-77.2898250.1853243712142.50458-2.73861270.09257997VARIABLE109.98933805855953-16.947350494260327FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseTrueFalseFalseFalseFalse------------10.305711408404521
............................................................................................................................................................
484795729327817702410894410850.00034361894219-43.06655252783423165.52420955755730.078361732112.30933035.017315615140.0812309726.96448158492390.101254486951.487110.020080015001.9767011044.8844.063915535.31284.440891337.569853.50829271.21468230.932598187.757790.12703782181827.109--0.016656557NOT_AVAILABLE250.73404566404008-56.06475866970972FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseTrueFalseFalse5427.31844.44330.02476.03270.00.019.704451607928075
94663292400739993691728796107.5051434044890338.52526941964586165.21469943372920.063642612595.976-439.42044672816960.065588385-944.79348960292230.058826566951.16925260.01691827301.13608521072.47959.934659458.03811.7478471013.11618.6418911.52110123.105956------------NOT_AVAILABLE178.957789500097619.901669191941114FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------19.74136555855134
642746412377672716882124097302.19503988923026-66.18709128441725163.95441453831670.122180771341.90041211.76062709996150.07212469-1130.23690495489560.10327922951.4900490.01786107002.85624051219.43863.3641381106.959363.8463583346.845152.82707981.15543331.0192785------------NOT_AVAILABLE329.76078020612954-32.42131089268436FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseTrueFalseFalse5437.54744.30120.03216.0990.00.019.89311349957701
257290102195778956829606315224.241249787919659.563070454755835163.447845696586970.4628947353.09941238.24393740263830.5540863-16.1555717968699250.32792777950.71737920.08122052001.1058807167.7557519.4611975.49741621.10728575.27901517.6409822.40982993.4663029------------NOT_AVAILABLE141.2250759328284-51.68433605805002FalseFalse0FalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------19.954767609613956
66730008413763496961493486120303.4773905559996-45.16473054247641162.21710007918570.0224849177214.4854778.33098211521010.02004672-159.93882497282390.01763553531----001.00535352765.94757.24266151211.06058.1904461238.88996.2787361.32571851.9117098-33.516820.1184318811468.1204-2.47133180.985096NOT_AVAILABLE354.8063478610685-32.97826039920067FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseTrueFalseFalse3588.52054.0644-1.40656.16590.00030.000220.10616498245445
16389793843786967041624596075267.0161229051483470.88157381434476160.995244920088140.01189462413535.128-1266.38717079764180.0158702381108.80071046992520.01647062831----001.06371813653.458313.778201980.821414.1790642145.429413.1762341.23415271.0028296------------NOT_AVAILABLE101.4380408410478130.691322551716652FalseFalse0TrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------20.258758442128823
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2824770686019003904770267785352.9701237545047519.93699282660293159.663392037218530.034127894678.3843578.00865935894360.035451487-59.7686048988234760.0232443931----101.31739621476.45739.043998284.7617510.507311765.98667.84636451.45685222.6609464-0.207299860.824395114267.29807-1.47950820.3191088NOT_AVAILABLE98.5786475699206-39.14315221697577FalseFalse0TrueTrueTrueFalseFalseFalseFalseFalse------------20.427749501946835
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